品牌:MOTOROLA | 規格:MOTOROLA LS-9100 | 材質:標準 |
產地:美國 |
MOTOROLA LS-9100
PID操控器有4個主要的參數K p、T I、T D和T S需整定,不管哪一個參數挑選得不適宜都會影響操控效果。在整定參數時應把握住PID參數與體係動態、靜態功能之間的聯係。
在P(份額)、I(積分)、D(微分)這三種操控效果中,份額有些與差錯信號在時刻上是共同的,只需差錯一呈現,份額有些就能及時地發生與差錯成正比的調理效果,具有調理及時的特色。份額係數K p越大,份額調理效果越強,體係的穩態精度越高;可是關於大多數體係,K p過大會使體係的輸出量振動加重,穩定性降低。
積分效果與當時差錯的巨細和差錯的歷史狀況都有聯係,只需差錯不為零,操控器的輸出就會因積分效果而不斷改變,一向要到差錯消失,體係處於穩定狀況時,積分有些才不再改變。因而,積分有些可以穩態差錯,進步操控精度,可是積分效果的動作緩慢,能夠給體係的動態穩定性帶來不良影響。積分時刻常數T I增大時,積分效果削弱,體係的動態功能(穩定性)能夠有所改進,可是穩態差錯的速度減慢。
微分有些是依據差錯改變的速度,提早給出較大的調理效果。微分有些反映了體係改變的趨勢,它較份額調理更為及時,所以微分有些具有超前和預測的特色。微分時刻常數T D增大時,超調量減小,動態功能得到改進,可是按捺高頻攪擾的才能降低。
選取採樣周期T S時,應使它遠遠小於體係階躍呼應的純滯後時刻或上升時刻。為使採樣值能及時反映模擬量的改變,T S越小越好。可是T S太小會增加CPU的運算工作量,相鄰兩次採樣的差值簡直沒有什麼改變,所以也不宜將T S獲得過小
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