產地:xrda0907 |
電網的不斷發展使線路參數發作變化,鐵磁式電壓互感器的很多運用,使電網發作鐵磁諧振的可能性增大。所以,為了使電網可靠供電,採取有用辦法避免鐵磁諧振的發作。
避免鐵磁諧振的發作,應從改動供電體係電氣參數著手,損壞回路中發作鐵磁諧振的參數匹配。這麼既可避免電壓互感器發作磁飽滿,又可避免電壓互感器鐵磁諧振過電壓的發作。
4.1 改動電氣參數
4.1.1 裝設繼電維護設備
當電網發作單相接地毛病時,為改動電壓互感器的諧振參數,可經過裝設一套繼電維護設備來完成。該設備是運用單相接地時所發作的較大諧振電流,發動電流繼電器投入,將電壓互感器二次側開口三角處繞組短接。當毛病掃除後,維護設備康復原狀,電壓互感器康復正常運轉。
4.1.2 選用不易飽滿的或三相五柱式電壓互感器
10 kV體係中運用的電壓互感器,應選用勵磁感抗大於1.5 MΩ的電壓互感器。
4.1.3 削減電壓互感器臺數
在同一電網中,應盡量削減電壓互感器的臺數,尤其是約束中性點接地電壓互感器的臺數。如變電所的電壓互感器,只作為測量儀表和維護用時,其中性點不允許接地。
4.1.4 串接單相互感器
在三相電壓互感器一次側中性點串接單相互感器,使三相電壓互感器等值電抗明顯增大,以滿足Xc0/Xm 0.01的條件,可避免因深度飽滿而導致的諧振。
4.1.5 每相對地加裝電容器
此法可使網絡等值電容變小,網絡等值電抗不能與之匹配,然後諧振。
4.1.6 在中性點裝設消弧線圈
在10 kV體係中發作諧振,且單相接地電流值較大或接近30 A時,可將中性點經過消弧線圈接地。
4.1.7 投入備用線路
當體係中只有一組電壓互感器投入的情況下,若供電線路總長度較短時,可投入有些備用線路,以增加分布電容來避免諧振的發作。
4.2 耗費諧振能量
4.2.1 在TV開口三角形側並聯阻尼電阻
當電網運轉正常時,電壓互感器二次側開口三角處繞組兩頭沒有電壓,或僅有極小的不對稱電壓。當電網發作單相接地毛病時,由於此電阻阻值較小,故繞組兩頭近似於短接,起到了改動電壓互感器參數的效果。這一辦法不僅能避免電壓互感器發作磁飽滿,而且能有用地耗費諧振能量,避免發作諧振過電壓。此辦法常用在要求不太高的變電站,如消諧電阻選用電燈泡或電阻絲,當其損壞後將不會有消諧效果;當體係發作單相接地時,在開口三角側將發作100 V的電壓,而由於電燈泡或電阻絲的冷態電阻是較小的,這將在TV開口三角側流過較大的電流導致TV損壞。
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